If I was in High School, tasked with a writing a term paper about online privacy, I might hand in homework that compared and contrasted Tor, consumer VPNs and VPN routers. Something much like the following. 

VPN

VPNs can be classified by their target audience. Consumer VPNs are a service sold to individuals. Business VPNs are used by companies to provide employees with secure access to the home office. Site to site VPNs link two physical locations with an always-on encrypted connection. Here, I will be discussing consumer VPNs.

When you sign up with a consumer VPN provider such as TunnelBear, ExpressVPN, Cloak, VyprVPN or Private Internet Access, your computing devices (smartphone, computer, and maybe even a router) get the right to establish an encrypted connection to a VPN server computer run by the VPN company. If things are working well, after making this connection, all data entering and leaving the VPN-connected device is encrypted.

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