The rivalry between AMD and Intel peaked during the first decade of the 2000s, when the companies consistently challenged each other with a stream of chip innovations.

Since then, AMD lost its way, and today it barely registers as a threat to Intel. But the competitive landscape could start changing as early as next year.

Intel’s x86 chips are installed in most PCs and servers, and AMD has been losing market share for years. AMD’s chip technology has fallen behind Intel’s after some ill-advised architectural changes, acquisitions, and manufacturing problems.

Intel’s x86 processor market share was 87.7 percent the fourth quarter of 2015, growing from 86.3 percent a year earlier. AMD held just a 12.1 percent share, falling from 13.6 percent, according to Mercury Research.

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